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CHAPTER 8

                                                 TRADE IN SERVICES


                       Article 8.1: Definitions

                       For the purposes of this Chapter:

                              (a)    aircraft repair and maintenance services means such
                                     activities when undertaken on an aircraft or a part thereof
                                     while it is withdrawn from service and does not include so-
                                     called line maintenance;

                              (b)    commercial  presence  means  any  type  of  business  or
                                     professional establishment, including through:

                                     (i)    the  constitution,  acquisition,  or  maintenance  of  a
                                            juridical person; or

                                     (ii)   the  creation  or  maintenance  of  a  branch  or  a
                                            representative office,

                                     within the territory of a Party for the purpose of supplying a
                                     service;

                              (c)    computer reservation system services means services
                                     provided by computerised systems that contain information
                                     about air carriers’ schedules, availability, fares, and fare
                                     rules, through which reservations can be made or tickets
                                     may be issued;

                              (d)    juridical  person  means  any  entity  duly  constituted  or
                                     otherwise  organised  under  applicable  law,  whether  for
                                     profit  or  otherwise,  and  whether  privately-owned  or
                                     government-owned,  including  any  corporation,  trust,
                                     partnership,  joint  venture,  sole  proprietorship,  or
                                     association;

                              (e)    juridical person of a Party means a juridical person which
                                     is either:

                                     (i)    constituted or otherwise organised under the law of
                                            that Party, and is engaged in substantive business
                                            operations in the territory of that Party or any other
                                            Party; or




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