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Article 12.10: Domestic Regulatory Framework

                       1.     Each Party shall adopt or maintain a legal framework governing
                              electronic transactions, taking into account the UNCITRAL Model
                              Law  on  Electronic  Commerce  1996,  the  United  Nations
                              Convention  on  the  Use  of  Electronic  Communications  in
                              International Contracts done at New York on 23 November 2005,
                              or  other  applicable  international  conventions  and  model  laws
                                                                10
                              relating to electronic commerce.

                       2.     Each Party shall endeavour to avoid any unnecessary regulatory
                              burden on electronic transactions.


                       Article 12.11: Customs Duties

                       1.     Each  Party  shall  maintain  its  current  practice  of  not  imposing
                              customs duties on electronic transmissions between the Parties.

                       2.     The practice referred to in paragraph 1 is in accordance with the
                              WTO Ministerial Decision of 13 December 2017 in relation to the
                              Work Programme on Electronic Commerce (WT/MIN(17)/65).

                       3.     Each Party may adjust its practice referred to in paragraph 1 with
                              respect to any further outcomes in the WTO Ministerial Decisions
                              on  customs  duties  on  electronic  transmissions  within  the
                              framework of the Work Programme on Electronic Commerce.

                       4.     The Parties shall review this Article in light of any further WTO
                              Ministerial  Decisions  in  relation  to  the  Work  Programme  on
                              Electronic Commerce.

                       5.     For greater certainty, paragraph 1 shall not preclude a Party from
                              imposing  taxes,  fees,  or  other  charges  on  electronic
                              transmissions,  provided  that  such  taxes,  fees,  or  charges  are
                              imposed in a manner consistent with this Agreement.


                       Article 12.12: Transparency

                       1.     Each Party shall publish as promptly as possible or, where that is
                              not practicable, otherwise make publicly available, including on


                       10  Cambodia shall not be obliged to apply this paragraph for a period of five years after
                       the date of entry into force of this Agreement.





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